Regular Software Updates
– Windows & Mac: Regularly update your operating system and all installed software. Updates often include security patches that close vulnerabilities exploited by malware.
Antivirus Software
– Windows: Use a reputable antivirus program and ensure it’s set to update automatically. Windows Defender, built into Windows 10 and later, provides solid protection but can be complemented with third-party antivirus software for enhanced security.
– Mac: While macOS includes several built-in security features like XProtect and Gatekeeper, considering additional antivirus software from trusted vendors can offer more comprehensive protection against malware specifically designed for Mac.
Safe Browsing Habits
– Common Advice: Be cautious when browsing the internet. Avoid clicking on suspicious links or downloading attachments from unknown or untrustworthy sources. Utilize web protection features in your antivirus software or consider browser extensions that can block malicious websites.
Email Vigilance
– Common Advice: Exercise caution with emails from unknown senders. Don’t open attachments or click links in emails unless you are confident in the source. Phishing attempts can be sophisticated and look very convincing.
Use of Firewalls
– Windows & Mac: Ensure the built-in firewall is enabled or use a reputable third-party firewall. Firewalls monitor incoming and outgoing network traffic and can help prevent unauthorized access to your computer.
Backup Regularly
– Common Advice: Regularly back up important data to an external hard drive or cloud-based service. In the event of an infection, having backups can prevent data loss.
Application Downloads
– Windows: Download software only from official websites or trusted platforms. Be wary of downloading software from third-party sites, as these can sometimes bundle malware with their downloads.
– Mac: Preferably download applications from the Mac App Store or directly from reputable developers’ websites. Gatekeeper in macOS helps protect against installing malicious software by only allowing apps from identified developers or the App Store, unless overridden by the user.
Account Privileges
– Windows & Mac: Operate your computer using a non-administrator account whenever possible. Limiting privileges can help prevent malware from making significant changes to the system.
Ad Blockers and Security Extensions
– Common Advice: Consider using ad blockers and security extensions in your web browser to prevent malicious ads (malvertising) from executing code that could lead to infections.
Stay Informed
– Common Advice: Stay informed about the latest malware threats and security best practices. Knowledge is a powerful tool in recognizing and preventing potential threats.
Enable Security Features
– Mac: Take advantage of built-in security features such as FileVault for disk encryption, Gatekeeper for app security, and Safari’s fraudulent site warning.
– Windows: Utilize Windows Security features like controlled folder access to prevent unauthorized changes by malicious software.